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Jhabua is a predominantly tribal district located in the western part of Madhya Pradesh. It is surrounded by Panchamahal and Baroda districts of Gujrat, Banswara district of Rajsthan and Dhar and Ratlam districts of Madhya Pradesh. River Narmada forms the southern boundary of the district. The terrain is hilly, undulating typically known as "Jhabua hills topography". In this Jhabua hill topography the difference between the highest and the lowest points is varies between 20 to 50 meters. But this difference goes on increasing as we move towards south of Jhabua. In Alirajpur division which is in the south of Jhabua the areas is almost entire hilly and intersected by narrow valleys and low Vindhayan ranges covered with jungles. But most part of Jhabua is without any forest cover because of low fertility of land and soil erosion even mere existence becomes a hard problem and with the failure of rains the Bhils take to crime.
Jhabua is sparsely populated area with the total population of 13.94 lakhs according to 2001 census.
The total area is 6793 Sq Kms. There are about 1313 inhabited villages. About 85% of population is tribal while 3% population belongs to Schedule Castes. 47 per cent of the people live below the poverty line. The literacy rate according to 2001 census is 36.87% with female literacy of only 4%. Thus, Jhabua is an overwhelmingly tribal and poor district.
The district is devoid of vegetation cover except Katthiwada and other patches and is full of undulated, hilly areas; The area suffers from poor and skeletal soils with shallow to very shallow depth and erratic rainfall , high temperature .The area comes under Agroclimatic zone No. 12 namely Jhabua hills covering an area of 0.68m ha. ( 1.5 % of geographical area of MP) .The district has three distinct sub zones namely Petlawad (Malwa), Jhabua (Low rainfall) and Katthiwada (High rainfall)zones.
Climate is generally moderate and seasons are well defined. The summers are hot , winters are short and the monsoon season is generally pleasant. The average rainfall in the district is about 800mm. Most of the rainfall occurs in monsoon season while there is also a little of rainfall in winter season. |
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